Caracterização do perfil sócio epidemiológico e demográfico de estomizados atendidos em um Serviço de Atenção à Saúde da pessoa ostomizada da região centro-oeste em Minas Gerais

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Ostomy is an opening created artificially by surgical intervention, from the gastrointestinal tract or urinary tract, diverting the flow of feces or urine effluents, with the function of diverting the contents of the intestine or bladder out of the body. Specialized assistance to people with a stoma is essential, aiming at their rehabilitation with an emphasis on guidance for self-care. Objective: to know the socio-epidemiological profile of ostomized patients treated at a Service of Health Care for Ostomy Patients - SASPO level I in the city of Itaúna, in the Midwest region of the state of Minas Gerais. Method: this is a descriptive and exploratory research. Data were collected from the medical records of patients treated at said service, using a previously prepared guideline. After organizing the data, the analysis was performed using the Software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - STATA version 12.0 and the information organized in frequency tables and the results analyzed in the light of the literature. Results and discussion: Data of the patients: male gender (57%), average age of 58 years, white skin color (75%), married marital status (59%), basic education (22%), retired (46%), income of 1 to 2 minimum salaries (61%), patients with colorectal neoplasia (34%), most frequent surgical procedures were colostomy (52%), ileostomy (25%) and urostomy (22%) . Those who did not have preoperative demarcation (100%), regular ostomy shape (71%), cut-out flat adhesive plate (50%), one-piece colostomy collection equipment (39%), using adjuvants (57%), complications on stoma (53%), not dependent on care (64%), mean time with stoma 4.47 years, temporary stoma (52%) and intact peristomal skin (68%). Conclusion: Among the results found, the majority of the population is male, elderly, married; with an income of up to two minimum wages, have basic education and are retirees, and most of them have colostomy. Knowledge of this profile may contribute to the development of work processes aimed at better care, in addition to enabling the design of prevention and health promotion strategies for this population. It is also expected that such knowledge may help in assistance programming at the local level, as well as at the municipal level, enabling better structuring of care services for people with stoma in the region.