Automação de sistemas para experimentação radiobiológica in vitro, órgãos ex vivo e para implantes radioativos

Abstract

Automation is emerging more and more in the medical field. The various technological advances, as well as the evolution of techniques for developing robotic systems and systems for automatic monitoring of physical, chemical and biological quantities at more affordable costs are already a reality. Part of this advancement is credited to the ease of access to cheaper sensors and actuators with excellent levels of accuracy and reliability in recent years. Another part can be credited to the evolution of computing devices, which includes the microcontroller, which even with the technical improvements obtained kept the cost affordable and became more compatible with other systems. This advance makes it possible to develop, by the researcher himself, devices with the same characteristics and sometimes with better characteristics than those found in commercial equipment that have high prices. This work presents the beginning of the development of experimental devices in prototype format, with the capacity to perform procedures available until now only in international research centers. As a study of this work, there is the development of a robotic system to assist in the treatment by low dose rate brachytherapy of the prostate and the development of a perfusion biomonitor to assist in the measurements of physical, chemical and biological quantities in ex vivo organs. It discusses the main stages of development of these prototypes, their experimental results achieved and comparisons with other systems found in the literature. The conclusions and future stages of these projects are also presented.