Efeitos dos exercícios terapêuticos no tratamento da dor lombar, pélvica e lombo pélvica no período gravídico

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain is defined as “pain or discomfort located between the 12th rib and the gluteal fold” and pelvic pain as “pain felt between the posterior iliac crest and the gluteal fold”. When both types of pain are present or the region is not distinguished for more than a week during the gestational period, it is often referred to as gestational lumbopelvic pain (LDPG). Given all the changes to which women with LDPG are exposed, limitations in activities of daily living may occur. Physiotherapy is a very important alternative for treating DLPG, using various resources, from passive methods to active treatments, such as therapeutic exercises. Objective: To review the literature and update the state of the art regarding the effects of therapeutic exercises in the treatment of low back pain, pelvic pain and LDPG during pregnancy. Methods: The literature search was carried out in the electronic databases of PEDro and MEDLINE via Pubmed in the period April and October 2023. The studies considered eligible were only randomized clinical trials that proposed therapeutic exercises for pregnant women who had presented low back, pelvic pain and pelvic loin. Results: The initial search carried out in electronic databases identified 124 study references. Articles were selected that evaluated the effects of therapeutic exercises in pregnant women with low back pain, pelvic pain and LDPG, comparing them with other intervention methods or no treatment. After initial analysis, only eleven articles met the inclusion criteria and were chosen to be part of this work. Conclusion: Therapeutic exercises for pregnant women appear to be superior to no intervention or basic guidance in improving low back, pelvic and pelvic pain. However, research with better methodological quality and larger and more homogeneous samples are necessary.