Pacientes com dor lombar inespecífica podem se beneficiar do método pilates para diminuição da dor e incapacidade? uma revisão narrativa da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain is a condition that can lead to serious clinical, social and economic problems in the population. It can be acute (lasting less than 3 weeks), subacute or chronic (lasting more than 3 months) and in 60% of cases there may be pain radiating to the lower limb, called lumbosciatalgia. The most common form of low back pain is nonspecific. This term is used when the pathoanatomic cause of pain cannot be determined. Accurate diagnosis of the low back pain pattern is essential to obtain a good therapeutic result with anamnesis and detailed physical examinations. Treatment options include pharmacological interventions, physical therapy, therapeutic exercises, acupuncture and psychosocial interventions, in addition, the literature has considered Pilates exercise safe and often recommended by health professionals, as they improve the quality of life and well-being in patients. in short time. Pilates exercises use principles of rehabilitation methods that have scientific support for low back pain, such as strengthening the deep muscles of the abdomen and improving motor control. Objective: To verify the effectiveness of the Pilates Method in reducing pain and disability in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain, through a review of clinical trials on the Pedro platform. Methodology: For the elaboration of the present study, a literature review was performed to analyze the effectiveness of an intervention program of the Pilates method in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain, through a narrative review of the literature. The inclusion criteria were publications with reports on non-specific chronic low back pain, strengthening of the deep muscles of the abdomen, motor control and on the Pilates Method, with a validation index on the Pedro scale of 6 to 10 points and that have been published between the years of 2012 and 2022. Results: To create this study, 10 randomized controlled trials were included. The analyzed studies showed significant improvement in the results of patients regarding disability, pain, flexibility and strength of the transversus abdominis, in patients who participated in the groups where the intervention tested was the Pilates Method and in comparison to other types of exercises. Conclusion: All studies showed similar conclusions, showing that the Pilates technique had a good effect on all outcome measures, despite the difference being significantly small compared to general or specific exercise therapy. Unfortunately, there are still few high quality randomized controlled trials addressing the effectiveness of the Pilates Method in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.