Análise de causas de manifestações patológicas em edificação e ações preventivas em fase de projeto

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the pathological manifestations identified in a public building, located in the center of the city of Belo Horizonte, detecting their possible causes and subsequently performing a diagnosis with detailed suggestions so that similar anomalies do not occur or are minimized. It is of great importance to identify the causes of pathological manifestations in the building, whether they are the lack or failure to detail the constructive processes in the design phase; failure in the constructive stage; misuse or lack of maintenance in the post-construction period. In the first moment, detailed technical inspections were carried out in the building under study, complemented by a photographic report of all the anomalies found. In the second moment, the projects, specification booklet and descriptive memorials were analyzed with the objective of evaluating/ascertaining the level of detail of the project and construction processes. It was found that most of the pathological manifestations were located on the facades of the building. A total of fifty (50) anomalies were found and registered, with 50% attributed to the project phase, 40% attributed to failure in use or lack of maintenance, 7% due to failures in execution and 3% to miscellaneous or undetected failures . In this way, it can be observed that the highest recurrence of pathologies is in the design phase, with possible causes, failures or absence of details and specifications of construction processes. A possible detail was suggested for each type of registered pathology.