Controle motor dos músculos estabilizadores da coluna lombar em indivíduos com lombalgia: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Chronic low back pain is a clinical condition that affects a large population, and is characterized by a framework of discomfort and muscle fatigue in the lumbar region. This condition is manifested by muscle weakness, and the deficit in motor control. Under normal conditions, the stabilizing muscles of the lumbar spine - to act in cocontraction - acts in anticipation of the applied loads in the lumbar region. However, in the presence of chronic and recurrent back pain, muscle stabilizer seems to respond as amended, with changes in its activation. In this context, several authors discuss the various changes in the muscle recruitment in patients with low back pain, but there is still controversy. The proposal of this review was to investigate changes in the recruitment, and activation of muscles that stabilizing the lumbar spine in patients with chronic low back pain. The databases searched were PEDro, Medline, and Scielo, through the keywords: chronic low back pain, spine, motor control; motor activity, motor dexterity. It was analyzed studies published in Portuguese and English, in the period of 2001 to 2012. Studies have shown that individuals with low back pain tend to use different strategies of muscle recruitment, when compared to subjects without pain. These variations are probably related to changes in motor planning.