Projeto de malhas de aterramento: contribuição ao cômputo da estratificação do solo

Abstract

This work presents an objective approach for the design of grounding grids for low-frequency occurrences, from the simplified consideration of activities and procedures involved in this task. The focus is on models for soil stratification into different-resistivity layers. Based on a heuristic approach, a methodology to determine an equivalent two-layer model for soils with typical three-horizontal-layer profile is proposed. The computational implementation of this methodology allowed evaluating the errors of such approach. It was found that they were very reduced, in terms of the parameters that govern the grounding design, notably the grounding resistance and potential developed over soil surface, being lower than 4% in most of the evaluated cases. Furthermore in this work, software were implemented for both to model the soil into multilayered resistivity and to calculate grounding design parameters, allowing the electrodes to penetrate deep layers. Such software extended the application field of computational simulators available in the LRC2 Grounding Laboratory, being considered relevant academic contributions for teaching the Grounding subject in addition to the education resources available in this research center.