O uso da vortioxetina no tratamento da depressão maior em adultos: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) significantly affects life, limiting psychosocial functioning, cognition and reducing quality of life. The WHO points out that depression ranks 4th among the main costs of illness and 1st in time lived with disability. This study reviews the literature on some hypotheses in the development of the disease, characterizes the classes of antidepressants most used in the treatment of MDD, with emphasis on vortioxetine. It is a drug that differs from traditional antidepressants in that it has a multimodal mechanism of action that combines the inhibition of serotonin reuptake with the direct modulation of several serotonergic receptors (such as 5-HT3, 5-HT7, 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D). This distinct pharmacological approach promotes not only the improvement of symptoms of depression, but also improves cognitive function, in addition to presenting a lower incidence of side effects, especially sexual dysfunction. Vortioxetine has become an option, with multimodal action characteristics and which seems to indicate a choice, either for cases that have not responded to other drugs, or as a first option in treatment.