Enxaguantes bucais utilizados em pacientes com mucosite oral e orofaríngea: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Oral mucositis (OM) and oropharyngeal mucositis (MOO) are frequent acute complications in patients undergoing antineoplastic therapies and compromise the patient's quality of life and nutritional status, limiting chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment. Several prophylactic and therapeutic measures have been studied to reduce the severity and possible consequences of these conditions, including the use of mouthwashes. The objective of the study was to carry out a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effectiveness of the following mouthwashes: chlorhexidine, allopurinol, benzydamine and propolis, recommended for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients undergoing cancer treatment. The PICOS question answered in this study was: “Is there a difference in effectiveness between chlorhexidine, allopurinol, benzydamine and propolis mouthwashes in the prevention and treatment of OM and OOM in patients undergoing cancer treatment?”. The searches were carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, without restriction of year or language. Inclusion criteria were RCTs that compared the use of chlorhexidine, allopurinol, benzydamine and propolis with the control group showing no intervention. The articles obtained from the search were analyzed and selected by two reviewers, and in case of disagreement a third person was consulted. After data extraction, a methodological quality analysis was performed by two independent evaluators using the Cochrane tool. It is concluded that mouthwashes composed of chlorhexidine, allopurinol, benzydamine and propolis show promising results in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients undergoing cancer treatment.