Refrigerant selection for a chiller air conditioning system in Brazil
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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In 2017, electrical air conditioning systems represent an approximate consumption of 20% of the total electrical
energy consumed in Brazilian homes. In addition, air conditioning systems may account for 85% of the consumption of
residential electric energy in the peak of summer and in commercial establishments approximately 40% of the electric
energy consumed is destined for the acclimatization of environments. An innovative technology that can collaborate to
mitigate environmental problems and make energy consumption more efficient is thermal energy storage (TES). The TES
also helps to decouple the cooling production and the use of it. In that way the cold should be produced during the night,
for example and use during the day. This paper proposes a mathematical model using Python language and CoolProp for
refrigerant properties. A chiller refrigerant system able to meet a colling capacity of 15 TR is selected. It simulates the
operation of refrigeration systems to evaluate the coefficient of performance (COP) during the year of 2020 for three
cities in different regions in Brazil: Fortaleza - CE (Northeast), Brasília - DF (Midwest) and Monte Verde – MG
(Southeast). In each city will verify the efficiency of three different refrigerant fluids, R134a, R1234yf and R717. The
mathematical model of refrigeration system considers a chiller with a TES (Thermal Energy System) to produce and
storage cold during the night to be consumed during the day, specially at the peak time. As the condition in the evaporator
are keep constant in the system, the model consider only the compressor and the condenser. The mathematical model
applied in this study make a comparison between the refrigerant fluids, where R134a is considered as a reference, and
comparing with R1234yf and R717. The objective of the manuscript is to select the refrigerant that best suit to the context
of the selected cities, considering R134a as a reference, we have that the COP of R717 is greater by about 16.1% for
Fortaleza - CE, 14.6% for Brasília - DF and 13.2% for Monte Verde - MG
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Refrigerant selection, Mathematical model, Air conditioning system
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