Avaliação laboratorial da função renal de cães e gatos

Abstract

The urogenital system consist of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Their functions are hidro-electrolyte balance, eritropoetina production, the basic acid balance maintenance, excretion, reabsorption of metabolites, controlling the blood pressure, among others. The dog's nephron differ from the cat's nephron, making that the cats have azotemia without poliuria and the dogs have poliuria without azotemia. The urinalysis consist of a key to a great diagnoses importance, its avaliate the capacity of the kidneys concentration whether there is a severe process, chronic, inflammatory, infection, neoplastic, among others. The biochemistry urinalysis, avaliates the level of proteinuria and if there is a tubular lesion. The biochemistry serum, avaliates if the kidneys is functional to avaliate the glomerular filter level from the concentration of some serum metabolites. The electrolytes measurements consist of an alternative avaliation of complications which come from kidneys alteration or disease that is already known. Therefore, the blood gas analysis differ from it if the patient is in acidosis metabolic or not. This literal review has a target to mention the complementary exams which are the most relevance, involving the diagnosis and following up the dogs and the cats kidneys diseases.