Cistite idiopática felina: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Feline Lower Urinary Tract disease (FLUTD) includes any disorder affecting the bladder or urethra of cats, with hematuria, stranguria, dysuria, pollakiuria and periuria being the most common clinical signs. Most cats with FLUTD have Feline Idiopatic Cystitis (FIC), a disease of unknown cause and cure, which treatment attempts to reduce the intensity and reccurence of clinical signs. Urethral obstruction is the most concerning consequence of FLUTD, as the blockage of the urinary flux can lead to post renal azotemia and obstructive acute renal failure, with immediate prejudice to health and risk of death. There are many theories about FICs pathogeny, which seems to be multifatorial, such as viral ethiology, urothelial barrier defects, neurogenic inflammation, and psychoneuroendocrine mechanisms. Current treatment protocols to FIC include environmental enrichment, stress reduction, moist diet, and use of different strategies to increase water intake. Further treatments, as analgesics, can assist the reduction of clinical signs and acute episodes of pain. When treating cats with recurrent severe episodes of FLUTD, the use of glycosaminoglycans and Amitriptyline can be considered, paired with the conventional treatment. The objective of this paper is to review the main aspects of FIC, supporting clinics in the management of the disease.