Critérios de retorno ao futebol após cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction - Return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery (ACLR) depends on the use of objective criteria / measures during the rehabilitation process. The criteria for return vary between sports, and there is no description of the criteria used to return to the practice, specifically, of soccer after ACLR. Objective - To identify which are the return to sport criteria used for soccer athletes who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Methods - The following electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and SPORTDiscus. The inclusion criteria used were: the study sample was composed of soccer players who have undergone ACL reconstruction surgery and the study presents the criteria for returning to football. Results - Eight studies were included in this review. The RTS criteria post-ALCR used in soccer were questionnaires and self-report scales: International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC), Cincinnati Sports Activity Scale (SAS), Knee Outcome Survey – Sports Activity Scale (KOS-SAS); unipodal and bipedal jump tests; isokinetic strength test; evaluation of the range of motion of the knee; quadriceps perimetry; measurement on the arthrometer; Tegner score; isometric strength test in the leg-press; incremental running test on the treadmill; presence of pain and edema and Lachman test and pivot shift test. Conclusion - The criteria for returning to football after ALCR involve measurement of thigh muscle strength, performance in questionnaires and self-report scales, performance in single-leg and two-leg hop tests and clinical examination of the knee joint. The assessment of athletes' psychological readiness is little used and studied in soccer.