Influência do relevo e uso da terra nas variações locais de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar em Belo Horizonte, Ibirité, Sete Lagoas e Conceição do Mato Dentro MG

Abstract

Changes in land use can alter the characteristics of the local climate, interfering with the variation of climatic elements in response to increased availability of sensible heat and reduced sources of air humidity, resulting in negative consequences for society and ecosystems. In order to identify and evaluate possible environmental changes using climate variables as an indicator, temporal series of meteorological data were analyzed from the municipalities of Belo Horizonte, Ibirité, Sete Lagoas and Conceição do Mato Dentro (MinasGerais-Brazil), from 1961 to 2016, also considering the interior area of the Serra do Cipó National Park as a natural area reference, based on statistical resources and tools of analysis in climatology to identify variations, trends and correlations with natural and anthropic factors in the spatial and temporal evolution of climatic elements. In the four localities covered by the study area, there was a tendency to increase temperatures related to phenomena (natural and anthropic) at different spatial and temporal scales. However, in each municipality, the response of these variations occurs in a differentiated way, due to local aspects present in the surroundings of the meteorological stations (relief, altitude,vegetation cover and urbanization), influencing in a significant way the variation of the atmospheric elements in certain moments. These relationships can be observed through geoecological profiles, which represent an attempt to illustrate the role of changes imposedby local factors related to land use and land use in the behavior of climatic variables, helping to understand the local atmospheric dynamics and representing the relationships between the physical and anthropic elements of the landscape. In general, through data analysis, itwas possible to infer that human participation interferes with the variation of some climatic elements in the lower scales of the climate, especially air temperature, although this does not occur in a determinant way.