Educação integral para o homem integral: as escolas integralistas em minas gerais (1932-1937)

Abstract

The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate the pedagogical and educational propositions present in the ideas of the A.I.B. Ação Integralista Brasileira (Brazilian Integralist Action), focusing on schools established by the Integralist movement in the state of Minas Gerais from 1932 to 1937. Integralism was officially launched in the year of 1932, through the Manifesto de 7 de Outubro (Manifesto of October 7th), whose end was enacted in December 1937, when political parties were revoked by Getúlio Vargas with the installation of Estado Novo. The chronological excerpt of the study refers to as the period of activities officially exercised by the integralist movement. The main hypothesis is that the adhesion of sectors of the population to the integralist political-pedagogical project proposal was favored by the gaps left by the government when it comes to expanding access to literacy, primary school and professionalization. Educational initiatives and social actions offered in Integralists centers presented as an inspiring social engagement opportunity of the sense of belonging due to little state presence. The study has its relevance justified by the gap that is configured in the historiography of education, as regards to the study of the organization of the primary schools kept by private initiative in Brazil. In the development of this research the Integralists periodicals available in the Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira (Brazilian Digital Newspaper Library) were analyzed; books published by the movement from the writings of the supreme head of the doctrine, Plínio Salgado and his supporters, as well as documents produced by the Politics Police and the integralists, comprised in the collection of the Arquivo Público Mineiro APM (public files from Minas Gerais). It is also added bibliographical studies in the fields of history and history of education, and theoretical analysis based on authors such as Rodrigo Patto Sá Motta (2009), Serge Berstein (1998), Eliana Dutra (1997), Hélgio Trindade (1974), Rosa Maria Feiteiro Cavalari (1995).