Simulação de casos clínicos de Disfonia Comportamental em adultos: plataforma Web de E-learning para desenvolvimento do raciocínio clínico em fonoaudiologia

Abstract

Purpose: develop an e-learning tool aimed at simulating real clinical cases of behavioural dysphonia in adults, with the aim of training clinical reasoning for speech therapy practice. Methods: methodological study for the development of an e-learning tool that uses Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DIT) to create an interactive and accessible learning environment, with the potential to guide the user in simulated clinical care in speech therapy, using cases real clinicians diagnosed with behavioural dysphonia. The research involved planning the tool, guided by the design thinking methodology, its elaboration, following Falkembach's proposal, as well as the construction of its contents, carried out by a panel with four clinical experts. The product was based on the website of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), underwent usability and user acceptance testing, redefinition and determination of charges (creation of the user manual). Results: called Script Voice, the tool was designed in a web platform format and includes six real clinical cases of behavioural dysphonia, with otorhinolaryngological diagnoses of vocal cyst, Reinke's edema, middle posterior triangular cleft, nodules, polyp and vocal sulcus. The “procedure” guides were created - which indicate the step-by-step process followed in the construction of the tool’s contents, referring to the assessment, diagnosis and therapeutic planning scripts - and the “study guides”, which consist of the structured instrument itself, fed with data from clinical cases and the questions responsible for guiding the user experience on the platform. Script Voz follows the e-PBL approach, in which students work individually, receiving one or more cases and interacting only with the computer, answering questions and receiving more information in stages, as they advance in the study of the clinical case; meets the premises of andragogy and is anchored in instrumental, experiential, reflective and social learning theories, with emphasis on the principles of observation and modelling. The tool's usability test, involving 35 students, indicated 100% user satisfaction based on the Net Promoter Scale (NPS), effectiveness in meeting the proposed objectives and efficiency regarding navigability. Conclusion: Script Voz is a simulator of clinical cases of behavioural dysphonia in adults and can be translated as an e-learning tool that uses Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), hosted on a web platform. The freely accessible tool is aimed at training clinical reasoning in speech therapy and includes six real clinical cases. This research presents the platform's procedure and study guides, constructed from a panel of clinical experts. The usability test, conducted with potential users, showed satisfaction, effectiveness and efficiency of the tool.