A Revista Chile-América no exílio : redes de denúncia, direitos humanos e renovação socialista (1974-1983)

Abstract

Chile-América was a Chilean exile magazine published in Rome, Italy, between 1974 and 1983, during the Chilean military dictatorship (1973-1990). It was created, edited and directed by Julio Silva Solar, José Antonio Viera-Gallo, Bernardo Leighton and Esteban Tomic, and it had Fernando Murillo Viaña working as an editorial assistant. All of them were exiled intellectuals and had as commons traits their work in Chilean politics and their participation in political parties that later turned into resistance to the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, especially the IC, the MAPU, and the DC parties. The magazine's creation project was precisely conceived to bring together sectors of the UP and the more critical and progressive wing of the DC with the objective of projecting a programmatic unit of opposition and resistance to the dictatorship and thus, gradually, sketching the means for a transition to democracy. The Chile-América magazine dedicated itself to publicizing and proposing the political and democratic debate in its pages and ended up being an important vector of Chilean socialist renewal from the exile. The magazine contributed decisively to informing its audience about the events in Chile, emphasizing the circulation of the denunciations that were produced against the crimes of the repressive apparatus of the dictatorship. In transnational networks, the magazine worked with human rights organizations and with diverse political formations and leaders, from exile and from Chile. In this thesis, we aim to analyze the trajectory of the magazine Chile-América in these two fundamental aspects of its political-editorial project: the action in the field of human rights and the political propositions of the opposition, two alternative paths taken in order to democratize Chilean society and to impose itself on Pinochetism.