Base racional para o uso dos fatores de crescimento PRF, PRP, PDGF, BMPs no enxerto ósseo

Abstract

The bone tissue has a recognized ability to remain in constant remodeling and at the same time regeneration. These processes occur through a complex and multifactorial cascade of biological events regulated by distinct growth factors, secreted by osseous cells and reactive cells present at the damaged site. Growth factors are a class of natural biological mediators that regulate the major cellular events in tissue repair, including cell proliferation, chemotaxis, differentiation, and matrix synthesis through binding to specific cell surface receptors. Faced with significant bone loss, implantodontia relies on some techniques for the reconstruction of bone tissue lost prior to the installation of dental implants. The literature largely describes the advantages of autologous bone grafts in relation to alloplastic and xenogene grafts, due to its three properties of osteoinduction, osteoconduction and osteogenesis. Autogenous bone grafts release a variety of molecules, including growth factors, that can target the mesenchymal cells involved in bone regeneration. This work is a literature review aimed at evaluating the clinical and histological results of PDGF and BMP growth factors and platelet concentrates PRF, PRP, in bone regeneration considering studies in vitro, in animals and humans. In order to do so, we carried out researches of articles published in English or Portuguese, in the PubMed, Medline database among others using the following terms "growth factors", "bone regeneration", "tissue engineering" and "graft bone" It is concluded in this literature review that the PDGF important factor in bone regeneration when combined with other materials, such as BMPrh-2 improves and accelerates bone regeneration, PRP does not favor significant results in bone regeneration, the PRF has significant results results in bone regeneration in maxillary sinuses and further studies are needed to justify its use in implant dentistry.