Florescimento, produção e qualidade de sementes em clones de batata-doce cultivados sob tutoramento

Abstract

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) (L.) Lam.) is a vegetable crop, which presents high genetic heterogeneity, its seeds are of great interest for crop improvement programs. However, the supply of these seeds is difficult, due to the low flowering observed in the culture. Low flowering may be associated with factors such as sporophytic self-incompatibility, temperature and photoperiod. The use of floral induction techniques such as staking can alleviate the problem. The objective of this work was to select clones with greater flowering and seed production under staking and to verify which one is better for crossing, harvesting the seeds. per plant, number of plants, as characteristics: precocity, number of flowers per plant, number of flowers, number of fruits, number of seeds per plant. Data were selected for analysis of variance and when statistical differences were found between treatments using the F test (p≤0.05), the means were grouped using the Scott test (p≤0.05). Dissimilarity between clones was investigated by principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram (UPGMA). The CAMBRAIA and UFVJM29 clones showed the highest number of flowers. The month of July recorded the highest number of flowers. The month of August presented the highest fruit production. The first two principal components,74% The total clones of the dataset were grouped into three distinct clusters. CAMBRAIA and UFVJM29 grouped in cluster 2, simulated higher estimates for fruit and seed production. The clones ARRUBA, CARRO01, UFVJM07, UFVJM25, UFVJM29 and UFJM31 showed higher germination content. It is concluded that the UFVJM29 and CAMBRAIA clones should be prioritized as parents in breeding programs, as they present high flowering, high seed production and good vigor index. The month of July is the best time to carry out crosses and August is the best time to harvest the seeds.