Estudo comparativo entre a citologia convencional e a citologia em meio líquido na detecção de lesões escamosas intraepiteliais e invasoras do colo uterino associadas à infecção pelo papilomavírus humano

Abstract

The evaluation of the performance of liquid-based cytology (LBC) in comparison with conventionally prepared Papanicolaou smears (CS) in detecting cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and carcinoma was the goal of this study. Cytological findings have been correlated with Polimerase chain reaction (PCR) results for HPV and histopathological findings. One hundred seventy four patients from Serviço de Propedêutica do Colo Uterino da Maternidade Odete Valadares de Belo Horizonte(MOV) and Centro de Tratamento de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis do Distrito Centro-Sul da Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte (CTDST) were studied. The two methods reached an agreement of 89,7%. LBC detected proportionally more SIL and invasor than CC resulting in an increase of 20%. Among the discordant cases, therewas no sample which result was positive in CS and negative in LBC. Instead, in most of cases, LBC has detected more severe lesions than CS. LBC was positive ( ASCUS) in 5,3% of negative CS cases. Among patients with positive cytological results, 52,7% were positive for the presence of HPV in PCR. HPV was detected in all cases of invasive carcinoma and for about half of ASCUS and SIL cases. HPV finding through molecular methods is an important tool in the detection of epithelial abnormalities of the cervix.