Fatores de risco para lesões em atletas de taekwondo: uma revisão narrativa da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Taekwondo is a martial art of Korean origin, which debuted in the Olympics in 2000. In the 2012 Olympics, 39% of taekwondo athletes suffered an injury, being superior to soccer, BMX, hockey, handball and mountain bike. Studies that address risk factors, both during training and in competitions, are scarce in the literature. The objective of this study was to identify, through a literature review, the main risk factors that predispose Taekwondo practitioners to injuries during sports practice. Methods: An electronic search was carried out from January to May 2022 in the PUBMED, SCIELO and BMJ databases. Nine studies were selected where the sample consisted of amateur and professional taekwondo athletes. Results: The most common variables found in the studies were: exposure time, training load, experience (belt graduation), competition, weight category and age. In addition, all studies indicated data on the site of injury. Conclusion: According to the findings of this narrative review, high training load, low belt graduation, exposure, younger age, male gender and weight category can be considered risk factors.Introduction: Taekwondo is a martial art of Korean origin, which debuted in the Olympics in 2000. In the 2012 Olympics, 39% of taekwondo athletes suffered an injury, being superior to soccer, BMX, hockey, handball and mountain bike. Studies that address risk factors, both during training and in competitions, are scarce in the literature. The objective of this study was to identify, through a literature review, the main risk factors that predispose Taekwondo practitioners to injuries during sports practice. Methods: An electronic search was carried out from January to May 2022 in the PUBMED, SCIELO and BMJ databases. Nine studies were selected where the sample consisted of amateur and professional taekwondo athletes. Results: The most common variables found in the studies were: exposure time, training load, experience (belt graduation), competition, weight category and age. In addition, all studies indicated data on the site of injury. Conclusion: According to the findings of this narrative review, high training load, low belt graduation, exposure, younger age, male gender and weight category can be considered risk factors.