As aproximações do conceito de sociedade civil em Lênin e a luta pela hegemonia em Gramsci

Abstract

The present article, based on a literature review, aims to talk about the temporal change of concepts in classic works and authors to understand Marxism as a theoretical framework for the reading of the modern capitalism, historical and, therefore, subject to transformation. For this purpose, the article initially explains the conceptual changes of the State in two Lenin works: O Estado e a Revolução, original of 1917 and Esquerdismo, doença infantil do comunismo, of 1920. It is identified, based on Marxist premises, an approximation of the civil society concept, which will later be developed by Gramscian Marxism by understanding the struggle for hegemony in the transition from the Restricted State to the Expanded State. In this new conception, the possibilities of resistance to dominant groups are also extended, with emphasis on strategies of persuasion; therefore, education is viewed as a privileged space for action.