Entre a luta e a institucionalização: trajetória, políticas públicas, arranjos e sujeitos da autogestão na habitação

Abstract

This work seeks to understand the current context, the possibilities for implementation, and the most relevant aspects of autogestion in housing production through public policies in Brazil. More specifically, it investigates which ruptures and continuities can be identified between the historical forms and contemporary experiences of autogestion, especially regarding their transformative potential, considering the new modes of subjectivation and the social arrangements of recent decades. To answer this question, the study revisits the history of autogestion from its emergence in the context of working-class struggle, through its incorporation by urban social movements and housing movement, up to its contemporary configurations. This trajectory is developed by identifying the social arrangements, policies, and actors involved in the field of autogestion. In the realm of autogestion-based housing policies, the study focuses on the experiences from the state of Minas Gerais during the 1990s, particularly in Belo Horizonte, which represent the initial moment of the institutionalization of autogestion, marked by the role of the State through municipal governments. It then examines the unfolding of these policies from 2003 onward, when the State, through the federal government, assumes a central role in shaping subsequent experiences. With this spatial and temporal scope, the study establishes a guiding thread based on the transformations of the autogestion subjects, articulated with theoretical influences, the agents involved, and the economic and political contexts recurring throughout this historical trajectory. Following this line of continuity, the work reaches its central object of study: a contemporary empirical experience of institutionalized autogestion. This experience encompasses different stages of the implementation of autogestion in the municipality of Contagem/MG, including the development and delivery of training processes for organizing entities, the construction of normative frameworks, and the design of a housing complex. Beyond the historical review, the analyses are theoretically grounded in the contributions of Dardot and Laval on neoliberal rationality.