Modelagem técnica e econômica de sistemas híbridos compostos por geração distribuída fotovoltaica e baterias eletroquímicas

Abstract

Energy storage systems are one of the most promising technologies to be integrated to the Electric Power System in the coming years due to their characteristics and the possibility to provide ancillary services and minimize the impacts of the intermittency of renewable power sources. Within this context, the use of electrochemical batteries by electrical energy consumers is being adopted around the world due to the reductions in their costs and the application alongside distributed generators, which are already widely adopted. Since these applications are promising but still incipient in Brazil, this work proposes a comprehensive evaluation of them by mathematically model a system composed by a photovoltaic distributed generator and a electrochemical battery bank. Modelling is divided in different parts, each one with different levels of detail and coverage. Therefore, in this work the mathematical modelling and computational simulations of various aspects are made using the software Matlab R2019b, such as: (1) capacity, current and voltage characteristics of batteries, (2) the operation of a power converter for coupling batteries to the electrical grid using a typical topology, (3) the power flows seen in a energy consumer unit with a photovoltaic and a storage system, (4) the economic return expected in a system of this kind. Through these simulations, it is obtained a mathematical model applicable to different situations in which these systems can be used and a in-depth knowledge of its operation.