Estudos nacionais sobre treinamento para cuidadores de pessoas com autismo: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder is characterized by persistent difficulties in communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. The Disorder affects the family dynamics of the person with autism, since the difficulties arising from the disorder will make the family make adaptations to offer the necessary care and attention to the person with autism. Parent training is an intervention that aims to educate caregivers about their children's behaviors. The objective of the present work was to carry out a systematic literature review of national studies on training caregivers of people with autism, with the intention of having an overview of how this therapeutic resource is being used to benefit the life of people with autism in Brazil. Two Scielo and Lilacs databases were consulted, using the descriptors autistic or autism or autistic or Kanner Syndrome or Autism Spectrum Disorder and training or guidance or teaching or training. In the databases, the descriptors and Boolean operators (AND and OR) were used and 18 articles were selected, which were read in full and analyzed. The results of all 15 studies, which directly tested the use of parent training to teach a skill to people with autism, were gained and improved in the development of the participants. The other 03 works were descriptive of the parental training process. The conclusion, from the data analysis, was gains in the development of people with autism who participated in studies that used parent training as a form of intervention. This suggests that parent training is a method that shows the possibility of generating benefits for the patient and that it can help to increase the quality of life not only of the person with autism, but also of the family members.