Influência da educação em dor na analgesia e funcionalidade de indivíduos com lombalgia crônica: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain is the cause of most of the disabilities present in the population and its treatment leads to high costs for the public coffers. Pain education has currently been recommended as the first line of care for patients with low back pain, making the patient the protagonist of his treatment, decreasing absenteeism, the search for unnecessary imaging exams, health services, and the excessive use of opioids. However, the educational approaches and the time required for intervention are not well explained. Objective: The main aim of this review was to describe the efficacy of pain education in individuals with chronic low back pain, using pain and functionality as outcomes. Methods: This study is a literature review, based on the electronic databases PEDro, PubMed, MEDLINE, Lilacs, and SCIELO. Randomized clinical trials, published between 2012 and 2022, which investigated the effect of pain education on analgesia and functionality of adults with nonspecific chronic low back pain were included. Results: the search led to 734 studies.13 studies were selected as eligible that used neuroscience education as an approach for a period of 3 to 12 weeks and 1 to 6 sessions performed. Different interventions were used as comparators.10 articles indicated that pain education promotes pain improvement while short-term disability improvement was observed in 8 articles. Conclusion: pain education appears to have effectively improved pain and disability in chronic low back pain in the short term. However, due to the heterogeneity of the studies, further definitive researches are needed to confirm these founds.