A população em situação de rua e o direito à moradia: diretrizes para a construção de políticas públicas

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the relevance of adequate housing for the homeless population and, based on three case studies, propose guidelines for the construction of a housing policy aimed at homeless people in Belo Horizonte/MG. Faced with the growth in the number of homeless people in this municipality, the seriousness of this social phenomenon, the relevance of access to housing in the process of leaving the streets and the deficiencies identified in the Bolsa Moradia Program, it is concluded that it is essential and urgent to elaboration of a housing program able to enable this social group's access to adequate housing on a permanent basis. Based on the principles of the Housing First methodology and on the experiences of the cities of Lisbon (Programa É uma Casa, Lisboa Housing First), Montevideo (Projects Incubar II and Fincas Abandonadas) and São Paulo (rehabilitation of the Asdrúbal do Nascimento II building), guidelines for the elaboration of a housing policy for the homeless population of Belo Horizonte, namely: (1) creation of a public housing stock, based on the rehabilitation of buildings that are not fulfilling their social function or whose owners have debts enrolled in active municipal debt, followed by the review of the eligibility criteria currently provided for participation in the Social Lease Program; and (2) leasing of individual residential units dispersed throughout the urban territory, in the private market, at affordable prices, with the granting of tax benefits to the owners. The present text was constructed from two methodological approaches, the theoretical and the empirical. The theoretical approach was carried out through content analysis of legislation and bibliography relevant to the subject, while the empirical approach was of the exploratory type/model, using the field research technique. The reasoning was of the hypothetical-deductive type, presenting, in the end, a solution/hypothesis for the presented problem.