Cooperativa de plataforma: um caminho alternativo de acesso à justiça via direitos cooperativos de artesãos em Minas Gerais

Abstract

The research theme refers to the work of artisans in Minas Gerais. Considering the rates of informality in artisanal work (IPEA, 2019) and the context of precarious living and working conditions for artisans from Minas Gerais, the adoption of the platform cooperative as an alternative model of business and collective organization was discussed. The general objective of the research was to analyze what were the necessary conditions in order to implement a platform cooperative for artisans in Minas Gerais as access to justice through cooperative rights (Marona; Avritzer; Gomes, 2014). It was based on the hypothesis that, for its implementation, from the perspective of Nancy Fraser's Three-dimensional Theory of Justice (2012), the following factors should be present: the platform cooperative must promote the overcoming of cultural stigmas related to the devaluation of the manual and craft work and the non-adaptation of artisans to the contemporary business production system; provide artisans with education and understanding about their role, principles and performance as cooperative members, access to rights and improvement of artisans' working and living conditions; and to provide artisans with the possibility of participating in political life and in the construction process of decisions that affect them, whether in the cooperative environment or in spheres of the political community. As a main theoretical framework, the formulation of access to justice through rights by Marona, Avritzer and Gomes (2014) was adopted, based on the Tridimensional Theory of Justice by Nancy Fraser (2012), which concerns the parity of participation and conciliation of recognition, redistribution and representation policies. The research carried out was of a qualitative nature and the investigation of the diagnostic and propositional legal type. The research techniques used consisted of bibliographic research, of an exploratory nature, as well as field research, through semi-structured interviews with artisans from Minas Gerais. The treatment of the collected data was carried out using the technique of content analysis (Bardin, 1977). As a result of the data collected, it was found that artisans interviewed do not fully exercise their right to work and citizenship. It was concluded that the platform cooperative can be an alternative path to be adopted by artisans from Minas Gerais, even in the face of challenges in establishing the model.