Avaliação do perfil metabolômico do café: da origem geográfica aos biomarcadores da ingestão

Abstract

This work evaluated the metabolomic profile of coffee, from its cultivation process, by the analysis of green coffee beans cultivated in different locations in Brazil, to its intake, through the analysis of urine samples to detect biomarkers of coffee intake. Firstly, green coffee bean samples (n = 40) from four different regions in Brazil: Cerrado Mineiro, Sul de Minas, Caparaó, and Mogiana Paulista; were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). After data processing and statistical analysis, significant differences (p < 0,05) were detected regarding the metabolites: theobromine, phenylacetaldehyde, ferulic acid, phenylalanine, chlorogenic acids, etc; resulting in the discrimination of Cerrado Mineiro coffee samples. Afterward, multisegment injection capillary electrophoresis high-resolution mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-HRMS) was applied to detect coffee intake biomarkers in urine samples (n = 1000) of participants from the PURE study, a large-scale epidemiology program. After data processing and statistical analysis, significant differences (p < 0,05) were detected regarding the metabolites: trigonelline, quinic acid, N-methylpyridinium (NMP), etc; detected at high levels in coffee consumers. In summary, this work showed, through different metabolomic approaches, a more comprehensive understanding of coffee’s biochemistry, one of the most popular and consumed products worldwide.