Impactos ambientais e a possibilidade de implantação do sistema de gestão ambiental (NBR ISO 14001:2004) em uma mineração de agregados

Abstract

This dissertation focuses on the study for the identification and evaluation of key environmental aspects and impacts and the possibility of the implementation of Environmental Management System (EMS) in an aggregate mining company, located in an area whose occupation is characterized by medium-high class residential condominiums and a district of approximately 5,000 people, in Ouro Preto (MG). We identified the environmental aspects of this mining company aiming at analyzing them from the guidelines suggested by the Environmental Management System ISO 14001:2004, focusing on the environmental impacts considered inherent to the activity, such as air blast, ground vibration, flyrock, visual impact, noise and dust. The research sites were those where complex steps are carried out and also the surrounding areas of the mining activity. After identifying the aspects and evaluation of significant impacts under analysis, we proposed a spreadsheet containing the environmentalimpacts, objectives, goals, indicators, limits and legislation. Mitigation measures were suggested through actions of engineering and operation controls, recommendingfinal re-vegetation of slopes to minimize the effects of visual impact, the use of hearing protection and the need to enclose all engines, transfer points and create screens using tree screening and / or civil works to mitigate and/or eliminate the noise. Regarding the operation control of rock blasting, airblast and vibration, it is proposed that the mining companies continues to use silent lines (absence of electrical parts) of 15 or 17 milliseconds, being recommended not to use detonating cord due to increased noise. The proposed routes to dust control are wetting the roads, use of sprays in ore treatment plant and dust control in the working face fronts by water tank truck.